Abstract Starch is a kind of natural polymer, which is the main energy source for human body and important industrial raw materials. As a new non-thermal processing technology, ultrasonic has the advantages of green energy-saving, safety, high efficiency and convenient application. It plays an important role in starch modification process. In this paper, the effects of ultrasound on the multi-scale structure and physicochemical properties of starch were reviewed. The application of ultrasonic synergistic modification in starch modification was also analyzed, which is expected to provide some reference for the green modification of starch and its industrial production and application. polymer materials nonthermal non thermal technology energysaving, energysaving saving, saving energy-saving safety process paper multiscale multi scale reviewed analyzed

Abstract Citric acid is an important and multi-functional organic acid, which is widely used in food, medicine, chemical industry and other fields. It is the largest edible organic acid in the world. Aspergillus niger is an important strain for biosynthesis of citric acid, which is mainly produced by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation with starch raw materials. The reuse of citric acid wastewater is the development direction of comprehensive utilization of citric acid wastewater. In the future, with the combination of novel technology strategies such as gene editing technology and synthetic biology technology, the establishment of fermentation strategies with high yield, high yield, high production intensity and clean production is the development direction to realize efficient green manufacturing in citric acid industry. multifunctional multi functional food medicine fields world materials future yield